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L

Laminate, n

a product made by bonding together two or more layers of material or materials.

Laminate,v

to unite layers of materials with adhesive.

Laminated, cross

a laminate in which some of the layers of materials are oriented at right angles to the remaining layers with respect to the grain or strongest direction in tension Note: Balanced construction of the laminations about the center line of the thickness of the laminate in normally assumed.

Laminated, parallel

a laminate in which all the layers of materials are oriented approximately parallel with respect to the grain or strangest direction in tension

Legging

the drawing of filaments or strings when adhesive bonded substrates are separated.

M

Matrix

the part of an adhesive that surrounds or engulfs embedded filler or reinforcing particles and filaments.

Modifier

any chemically inert ingredient added to an adhesive formulation that changes its properties.

Monomer

a relatively simple compound which can react to form a polymer.

Mucilage

an adhesive prepared from a gum and water. Also, in a more general sense, a liquid adhesive which has a low order of bonding strength.

N

Newtonian fluid

a fluid in which the shearing rate is directly proportional to the applied torque.

Novalak

a phenolic-aldehydic resin that, unless a source of methylene groups is added, remains permanently thermoplastic.

P

Paste

an adhesive composition having a characteristic plastic type consistency, that is, a high order of yield value, such as that of a paste prepared by heating a mixture of starch and water and subsequently cooling the hydrolyzed product.

Penetration

the entering of an adhesive into an adherend. Note: This property of a system is measured by the depth of penetration of the adhesive into the adherend.

Permanence

the resistance of an adhesive bond to deteriorating influences.

Plasticity

a property of adhesives that allows the materials to be deformed continuously and permanently without rupture upon the application of a force that exceeds the yield value of the material.

Plasticizer

a material incorporated in an adhesive to increase its flexibility, workability, or distensibility. The addition of the plasticizer may cause a reduction in melt viscosity, lower the temperature of the second order transition, or lower the elastic modulus of the solidified adhesive.

Polymer

a compound formed by the reaction of simple molecules having functional groups which permit their combination to proceed to high molecular weights under suitable conditions. Polymers may be formed by polymerization (addition polymer) or polycondensation (condensation polymer). When two or more monomers are involved, the product is called a copolymer.

Polymerization

a chemical reaction in which the molecules of a monomer are linked together to form large molecules whose molecular width is a multiple of that of the original substance. When two or more monomers are involved, the process is called copolymerization or heteropolymerization.

Porosity

the ability of adherend to absorb and adhere.

Post cure, n

a treatment (normally involving heat) applied to an adhesives assembly following the initial cure, to modify specific properties.

Post cure, v

to expose an adhesive assembly to an additional cure, following the initial cure, for the purpose of modifying specific properties.

Post vulcanization bonding

conventional adhesive bonding of previously vulcanized elastomeric adherends.

Primer

a coating applied to a surface, prior to the application of an adhesive, to improve the performance of the bond.

R

Release agent

an adhesive material which prevents bond formation.

Release paper

a sheet, serving as a protectant or carrier, or both, for an adhesive film or mass, which is easily removed from the film or mass prior to use.

Resin

a solid, semisolid, or pseudosilid organic material that has an indefinite and often high molecular weight, exhibits a tendency to flow when subjected to stress, usually has a softening or melting range, and usually fractures conchoidally.

Resinoid

any of the class of thermosetting synthetic resins, either in their initial temporary fusible state or in their final infusible state.

Rosin

a resin obtained as a residue in the distillation of crude turpentine from the sap of the pine tree (gum rosin) or from an extract of the stumps and other parts of the tree (wood resin)

The following sources were used in compiling this Glossary:

• ASTM D 907, "Standard Definitions of Terms Relating to Adhesives," American Society for Testing and Materials, Conshohocken, PA.
• ASTM C717, "Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants," American Society for Testing and Materials, Conshohocken, PA.
• MIL-HDBK-691B, Military Standardization Handbook, Adhesive Bonding, Department of Defense, Washington, DC.
• Panek, J.R. and Cook, J.P., Construction Sealants and Adhesives, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1991.
• Sharpe, L.H., "Fundamentals of Adhesives and Sealants Technology," Adhesives and Sealants, vol. 3, Engineered Materials Handbook Series, ASM International, 1990.